Design of an Electrical System for a Paddle Conveyor Using a DC Motor and a Linear Actuator on a Garbage Boat
Abstract
One emerging technology is the use of conveyor-based trash collection boats. This study aims to design and analyze the electrical system of a paddle conveyor—based on a DC motor and a linear actuator—on a trash collection boat as a means of improving the effectiveness of trash collection from the water’s surface. The research method employed a qualitative approach using case studies, with data collected through direct observation, interviews, and documentation of the trash boat prototype.
The research results show that the integration of a DC motor as the conveyor drive and a linear actuator as the position controller produces a more stable and precise waste-lifting mechanism. A 24 VDC relay-based control system with limit switch interlock logic has been shown to improve system reliability and prevent motion conflicts and overtravel in the actuator. Functional testing showed that the entire system operates as designed, with rapid response to operating commands, stable conveyor speed, and accurate actuator movement to the upper and lower limits. Compared to previous designs, this research offers a safer, more adaptive, and more energy-efficient solution.
Overall, the electrical system developed is capable of effectively supporting the operation of the trash boat and can serve as a foundation for the development of more modern water cleanup technologies. This research contributes to the design of an integrated control system that can be expanded to include current sensors, microcontroller-based control, and renewable energy support in subsequent development phases.
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